Elsevier 2023 SDG mapping
Tips
How to read a Scopus query
The Scopus queries presented in this view correspond to what is known on scopus.com as advanced search queries. Advanced searches allow a query creator to create complex and robust queries using field codes, Boolean operators, or proximity operators. We detail each of these elements below.
Field codes
A typical publication's Scopus record contains a myriad of information about it. To make this information easily usable, this information is structured and parsed apart in different fields, each containing a given type of information. For example, the title field contains a publication's title, and the publication year field informs us about when a given publication was first made public.
Field codes are there to indicate which field(s) we would like to source information from when conducting a given search. To avoid searches becoming overly long, they are usually shortened words such as ABS, which stands for "Abstract". The most commonly-used field codes used by our query-building team are:
- TITLE-ABS-KEY
Searches through the Title, Abstract, and all Keywords - TITLE-ABS
Searches only through the Title and Abstract - AUTHKEY
Searches only through the Author-defined keywords - SRCTITLE
Searches only through the journal or conference proceedings' titles
To conduct a search in a given field, the syntax is always field-code(search-term).
The field codes used can potentially have a deep impact on a search. For example, searching for "Canada" in field AFFILCOUNTRY would return publications where at least one author was affiliated with a Canadian institution, while the same search conducted in field TITLE-ABS-KEY would return articles that concern Canada.
Boolean operators
In most cases, conducting a Scopus search using a single field code or a single term is not sufficient to obtain a robust set of results. To remedy this, Scopus searches make use of boolean operators to allow for the combination of different terms or query parts. The allowed operators are
- OR
At least one of the terms must appear in the specified field, or at least one of the searches must match - AND
Both of the terms must appear in the specified field, or both searches must match - AND NOT
Only the first term must appear in the specified field, or only the first search must match
Boolean operators are applied in the order they were listed above. Therefore, KEY(mouse AND NOT cat OR dog) is interpreted as KEY((mouse) AND NOT (cat OR dog)).
Proximity operators
In some instances, a certain word is deemed relevant to a topic only if it is close to another word in the text, or certain phrasings might space out two related words defining a topic, which we could want to be tolerant to. For example, the sentence "publishing scholarly journals" is relevant to the topic of "scholarly publishing", but searching for "scholarly publishing" alone would not capture an article that used this expression.
Using proximity searches enable building queries that are tolerant to such things. Two proximity search operators are available in Scopus:
- W/n
Both terms must be within n words of each other, but not in any particular order - PRE/n
Both terms must be within n words of each other, in the order they are listed in
For example, the search TITLE-ABS-KEY("journal" W/2 "publishing") would capture the sentence from the example above, but TITLE-ABS-KEY("journal" PRE/2 "publishing") would not, since the words are not in the same order.
Introduction
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) challenge the global community to build a world where no one is left behind.
Since 2018, Elsevier has generated SDG search queries to help researchers and institutions track and demonstrate progress toward the SDG targets. In the past 3 years, these queries, along with the university’s own data and evidence supporting progress and contributions to the particular SDG outside of research-based metrics, are used for the THE Impact Rankings.
Method
For 2025, the SDGs use the exact same search query and ML algorithm as the Elsevier 2023 SDG mappings, with only minor modifications coming from changes to the search engine handling the SDG queries. Because of this, while the vast majority of publications retain their original mapping, the number of publications in each SDG has slightly changed.
All these changes were implemented to streamline how SDG queries are handled. Users should note that running these in Scopus should be done for reference purposes only, as the Scopus search engine behaves slightly differently than the classifier used to formerly tag SDGs to publications. Full details of the 2023 methodology are available on Digital Commons Data.
SDG 8 – Decent Work and Economic Growth
Query
Below is the full search query used for SDG 8 – Decent Work and Economic Growth. We’ve broken it down by each query component. Use the + and – buttons to expand or concatenate the different bracket levels.
Subfields of science
In this section, we show how the publication set, captured by the query above, relates to the Science-Metrix classification system.As shown in Figure 1, the publications related to this publication set fall mainly under the subfields of Economics (96,364 publications), Environmental Sciences (65,967 publications) and Energy (65,363 publications). The total share of each subfield included under the publication set are presented upon hovering your cursor over the bars.
Journals
In this section, we show how the publication set, captured by the query above, relates to scholarly journals. Journals are sorted in terms of their total output in the field. The horizontal bars are proportional to the number of publications contributed by the journal to the current publication set. To see the proportion of the total publications in the journal contributing to this publication set or their relevance score, you can hover your cursor over the bars.The articles on this topic are published most frequently in the following journals: Sustainability (Switzerland) (18,169 publications), Journal of Cleaner Production (7,649 publications) and Environmental Science and Pollution Research (4,827 publications).
Keywords
Elsevier’s Scopus database of scientific literature, was used for the table below. The document types included in the data sets are journal articles, reviews, short surveys and conference papers, covering the period 1996–2022. We refer to these documents collectively as “publications” or “papers”.In order to help better illustrate the content of this set of publications, indicators associated with the keywords most specific to this set (according to a TF-IDF score) are presented below.
Term | Papers with this term in the publication set | Papers with this term in all of Scopus | Relevance (tf-idf) | Percentage of Scopus |
---|---|---|---|---|
the environmental kuznets curve | 1983 | 2137 | 19.260106 | 93 |
job insecurity | 2723 | 2946 | 19.259002 | 92 |
agricultural sustainability | 2238 | 2431 | 19.252065 | 92 |
environmental kuznets curve (ekc) | 1666 | 1794 | 19.241833 | 93 |
environmental kuznets curve | 3297 | 3587 | 19.233443 | 92 |
heritage tourism | 1934 | 2118 | 19.228030 | 91 |
eco-efficiency | 3175 | 3472 | 19.227441 | 91 |
environmental kuznets | 3345 | 3652 | 19.224877 | 92 |
nature-based tourism | 1162 | 1222 | 19.206547 | 95 |
sustainable agriculture. | 3550 | 3919 | 19.195203 | 91 |
total factor productivity (tfp) | 2296 | 2604 | 19.171044 | 88 |
rural tourism | 2545 | 2902 | 19.160301 | 88 |
malmquist productivity | 1180 | 1278 | 19.158850 | 92 |
sustainable tourism development | 1371 | 1522 | 19.151483 | 90 |
tourism impact | 1193 | 1300 | 19.151021 | 92 |
human trafficking | 3069 | 3514 | 19.141025 | 87 |
cultural tourism | 2717 | 3129 | 19.138789 | 87 |
malmquist productivity index | 1063 | 1147 | 19.134593 | 93 |
sex trafficking | 1179 | 1297 | 19.131023 | 91 |
informal economy | 2536 | 2950 | 19.122232 | 86 |
kuznets curve | 3646 | 4178 | 19.117301 | 87 |
green economy | 2968 | 3449 | 19.115294 | 86 |
endogenous growth model | 1455 | 1663 | 19.110860 | 87 |
women entrepreneur | 1976 | 2320 | 19.099934 | 85 |
microfinance institution | 1802 | 2107 | 19.099933 | 86 |
women entrepreneurs | 1942 | 2280 | 19.098809 | 85 |
sustainable tourism | 5867 | 6408 | 19.097349 | 92 |
economic and environmental impact | 2217 | 2619 | 19.093356 | 85 |
occupational injury | 1882 | 2214 | 19.092639 | 85 |
men entrepreneurs | 1945 | 2293 | 19.091205 | 85 |
local tourism | 1055 | 1166 | 19.090296 | 90 |
microfinance institutions | 1614 | 1886 | 19.087672 | 86 |
occupational injuries | 2518 | 3000 | 19.076676 | 84 |
the informal economy | 1346 | 1561 | 19.069113 | 86 |
ecological economics | 1451 | 1699 | 19.066663 | 85 |
wage inequality | 1990 | 2382 | 19.064328 | 84 |
economic and environmental impacts | 1519 | 1790 | 19.063038 | 85 |
tourism impacts | 840 | 901 | 19.060086 | 93 |
environmental externalities | 1259 | 1456 | 19.059084 | 86 |
sustainable agricultural production | 929 | 1020 | 19.058733 | 91 |
sustainable agricultural | 4979 | 5686 | 19.055754 | 88 |
labour market outcome | 1244 | 1440 | 19.054538 | 86 |
ecological economic | 1880 | 2258 | 19.054048 | 83 |
human capital theory | 1133 | 1297 | 19.049810 | 87 |
school-to-work | 890 | 974 | 19.048423 | 91 |
microcredit | 1477 | 1751 | 19.047411 | 84 |
financial education | 1328 | 1558 | 19.045555 | 85 |
local economic development | 2319 | 2811 | 19.045059 | 82 |
labour market outcomes | 1216 | 1411 | 19.044624 | 86 |
soil productivity | 2109 | 2555 | 19.044524 | 83 |
decent work | 1326 | 1563 | 19.036795 | 85 |
environmental economic | 2397 | 2918 | 19.036683 | 82 |
rapid economic growth | 3076 | 3721 | 19.033683 | 83 |
sustainable agricultural practice | 1000 | 1138 | 19.022189 | 88 |
labour law | 1850 | 2261 | 19.020444 | 82 |
environmental economics | 1870 | 2293 | 19.015186 | 82 |
sustainable agricultural development | 1021 | 1173 | 19.012369 | 87 |
microfinance | 4278 | 5098 | 19.007953 | 84 |
the human capital | 3189 | 3905 | 19.005730 | 82 |
regional economic development | 3026 | 3719 | 19.004545 | 81 |
human capital accumulation | 1430 | 1744 | 18.990480 | 82 |
formal economy | 2643 | 3291 | 18.990084 | 80 |
environmental taxes | 898 | 1020 | 18.987939 | 88 |
human traffic | 3092 | 3835 | 18.984391 | 81 |
environmental tax | 1616 | 2002 | 18.981019 | 81 |
access to credit | 2356 | 2955 | 18.980190 | 80 |
ecotourism | 5444 | 6370 | 18.979428 | 85 |
school-to-work transition | 743 | 811 | 18.978175 | 92 |
human capital development | 1356 | 1656 | 18.977936 | 82 |
self-employment | 4333 | 5243 | 18.974247 | 83 |
labour market participation | 836 | 943 | 18.972409 | 89 |
sustainable agricultural practices | 892 | 1021 | 18.972274 | 87 |
regional economic growth | 1263 | 1535 | 18.971373 | 82 |
ecotour | 5537 | 6498 | 18.967926 | 85 |
environmental kuznets curve (ekc) hypothesis | 671 | 717 | 18.965888 | 94 |
tfp growth | 1090 | 1301 | 18.965456 | 84 |
youth unemployment | 1414 | 1747 | 18.965049 | 81 |
ekc hypothesis | 862 | 984 | 18.964006 | 88 |
farm productivity | 987 | 1160 | 18.961948 | 85 |
wage gap | 2552 | 3229 | 18.961139 | 79 |
labour market. | 5051 | 6031 | 18.960725 | 84 |
carbon tax | 4206 | 5145 | 18.959270 | 82 |
community-based tourism | 706 | 769 | 18.958300 | 92 |
impacts of tourism | 846 | 965 | 18.958053 | 88 |
child labour | 1274 | 1566 | 18.953147 | 81 |
employment protection | 1234 | 1511 | 18.952710 | 82 |
crop insurance | 1075 | 1290 | 18.952053 | 83 |
low-carbon economy | 2194 | 2800 | 18.947463 | 78 |
human capital investment | 1413 | 1766 | 18.944148 | 80 |
financial literacy | 3132 | 3965 | 18.942903 | 79 |
economic productivity | 1404 | 1757 | 18.940684 | 80 |
active labour market | 784 | 888 | 18.939135 | 88 |
age inequality | 2008 | 2575 | 18.936085 | 78 |
labour productivity | 3161 | 4016 | 18.934792 | 79 |
child labor | 1467 | 1850 | 18.934415 | 79 |
labour markets | 5037 | 6099 | 18.932970 | 83 |
labour market policies | 838 | 968 | 18.932846 | 87 |
cultural sustainability | 2469 | 3179 | 18.929125 | 78 |
microfinance institutions (mfis) | 715 | 796 | 18.927635 | 90 |
child soldier | 730 | 818 | 18.926172 | 89 |
credit constraint | 1353 | 1703 | 18.923305 | 79 |
tourism education | 759 | 861 | 18.922722 | 88 |
total factor productivity | 6234 | 7332 | 18.922389 | 85 |
wildlife tourism | 610 | 650 | 18.922016 | 94 |
informal employment | 849 | 990 | 18.921832 | 86 |
labour rights | 787 | 902 | 18.920734 | 87 |
financial inclusion | 2903 | 3739 | 18.917714 | 78 |
regional growth | 2070 | 2686 | 18.915100 | 77 |
young worker | 1513 | 1935 | 18.913806 | 78 |
minimum wages | 1504 | 1927 | 18.909598 | 78 |
access to finance | 1345 | 1706 | 18.908352 | 79 |
crop water productivity | 571 | 601 | 18.906454 | 95 |
fair trade | 2046 | 2667 | 18.906194 | 77 |
pay gap | 1164 | 1452 | 18.905554 | 80 |
occupational safety and health (osh) | 630 | 685 | 18.905514 | 92 |
returns to education | 1232 | 1549 | 18.905322 | 80 |
impact of tourism | 1086 | 1341 | 18.904879 | 81 |
employment growth | 2399 | 3130 | 18.904846 | 77 |
young workers | 1403 | 1794 | 18.901737 | 78 |
coastal tourism | 759 | 874 | 18.897468 | 87 |
credit constraints | 1207 | 1523 | 18.894180 | 79 |
tourism growth | 711 | 808 | 18.890639 | 88 |
financial knowledge | 1134 | 1422 | 18.889590 | 80 |
sustainable development agenda | 675 | 758 | 18.886203 | 89 |
labour standard | 827 | 983 | 18.878991 | 84 |
labour standards | 801 | 945 | 18.878972 | 85 |
wage premium | 1135 | 1437 | 18.872894 | 79 |
wage differential | 1910 | 2531 | 18.872496 | 75 |
job search | 3174 | 4165 | 18.871071 | 76 |
carbon taxes | 1041 | 1306 | 18.864929 | 80 |
the minimum wage | 1469 | 1926 | 18.864246 | 76 |
irrigation water productivity | 530 | 558 | 18.863663 | 95 |
child soldiers | 607 | 670 | 18.861521 | 91 |
minimum wage | 4230 | 5432 | 18.860339 | 78 |
agritourism | 581 | 634 | 18.857017 | 92 |
workforce participation | 627 | 702 | 18.854771 | 89 |
finance institutions | 1803 | 2410 | 18.852667 | 75 |
labour market policy | 738 | 867 | 18.851631 | 85 |
labour relations | 1559 | 2068 | 18.851618 | 75 |
labour relation | 1594 | 2119 | 18.850507 | 75 |
gender wage gap | 1106 | 1414 | 18.848913 | 78 |
crop productivity | 10306 | 11282 | 18.845726 | 91 |
wage differentials | 1483 | 1972 | 18.840137 | 75 |
industrial policies | 1280 | 1681 | 18.836165 | 76 |
labor right | 786 | 947 | 18.835690 | 83 |
firm productivity | 994 | 1259 | 18.834340 | 79 |
labor rights | 774 | 931 | 18.832160 | 83 |
agricultural productivity | 7591 | 8981 | 18.829973 | 85 |
sustainable economic growth | 1718 | 2325 | 18.825806 | 74 |
national institute for occupational safety and health | 1978 | 2692 | 18.824407 | 73 |
eco-tourism | 901 | 1131 | 18.817477 | 80 |
forced labour | 715 | 851 | 18.815796 | 84 |
the ekc hypothesis | 608 | 692 | 18.811992 | 88 |
job creation | 4033 | 5347 | 18.807448 | 75 |
kuznets curve hypothesis | 561 | 624 | 18.806690 | 90 |
human capital approach | 587 | 665 | 18.801237 | 88 |
total factor productivity growth | 727 | 878 | 18.798702 | 83 |
school leaving | 696 | 831 | 18.798384 | 84 |
environmental kuznets curve hypothesis | 514 | 558 | 18.796233 | 92 |
labor market outcome | 1735 | 2390 | 18.794050 | 73 |
industrial policy | 3606 | 4873 | 18.792686 | 74 |
tourism entrepreneur | 488 | 521 | 18.791952 | 94 |
labor market outcomes | 1709 | 2358 | 18.789758 | 72 |
green total factor productivity | 477 | 506 | 18.788176 | 94 |
younger workers | 939 | 1210 | 18.786354 | 78 |
capital income | 1091 | 1445 | 18.783240 | 76 |
total factor | 6510 | 8122 | 18.782720 | 80 |
trade facilitation | 699 | 845 | 18.779628 | 83 |
maternal employment | 1093 | 1454 | 18.776050 | 75 |
productivity growth | 6253 | 7915 | 18.768238 | 79 |
productivity shock | 913 | 1183 | 18.767501 | 77 |
low carbon economy | 988 | 1303 | 18.762355 | 76 |
fintech | 3004 | 4191 | 18.758749 | 72 |
school to work | 691 | 844 | 18.757182 | 82 |
fp growth | 1118 | 1512 | 18.752939 | 74 |
credit access | 755 | 948 | 18.749412 | 80 |
labour-market | 720 | 894 | 18.747993 | 81 |
tourism entrepreneurs | 455 | 487 | 18.744237 | 93 |
national institute for occupational safety and health (niosh) | 1142 | 1557 | 18.743986 | 73 |
sustainable development policies | 485 | 533 | 18.741857 | 91 |
modern slavery | 554 | 639 | 18.740716 | 87 |
gender pay gap | 774 | 984 | 18.738654 | 79 |
human capital formation | 760 | 962 | 18.738564 | 79 |
labor law | 1460 | 2054 | 18.735794 | 71 |
sustainable economic development | 1828 | 2606 | 18.734433 | 70 |
age differentials | 1489 | 2101 | 18.733223 | 71 |
convergence club | 427 | 451 | 18.723978 | 95 |
sustainable agricultural system | 575 | 679 | 18.722468 | 85 |
labor productivity | 4538 | 6198 | 18.717977 | 73 |
sustained economic growth | 744 | 953 | 18.709750 | 78 |
construction productivity | 600 | 725 | 18.706954 | 83 |
workplace injuries | 610 | 741 | 18.706612 | 82 |
occupational segregation | 728 | 931 | 18.703297 | 78 |
wage bargaining | 736 | 945 | 18.701217 | 78 |
technology shock | 626 | 771 | 18.696743 | 81 |
labour market institution | 523 | 608 | 18.695830 | 86 |
workplace injury | 467 | 522 | 18.691569 | 89 |
women entrepreneurship | 546 | 646 | 18.691408 | 85 |
investment in human capital | 701 | 896 | 18.687811 | 78 |
entrepreneurship policy | 453 | 502 | 18.686266 | 90 |
local labour market | 766 | 1006 | 18.679611 | 76 |
labor-market | 792 | 1049 | 18.678457 | 76 |
carbon economy | 3192 | 4625 | 18.676446 | 69 |
labour market institutions | 508 | 592 | 18.675210 | 86 |
living wage | 561 | 677 | 18.673962 | 83 |
commercial sexual exploitation | 399 | 424 | 18.668609 | 94 |
female employment | 1049 | 1477 | 18.665682 | 71 |
wage gaps | 554 | 670 | 18.663697 | 83 |
long-term economic growth | 617 | 773 | 18.661507 | 80 |
oil productivity | 2131 | 3167 | 18.660702 | 67 |
sustainable agriculture | 12979 | 14538 | 18.659162 | 89 |
productivity and competitiveness | 580 | 714 | 18.659043 | 81 |
labor market participation | 576 | 709 | 18.655618 | 81 |
productivity shocks | 714 | 935 | 18.655282 | 76 |
adventure tourism | 432 | 479 | 18.654954 | 90 |
forced labor | 668 | 862 | 18.650307 | 77 |
sustainable development policy | 442 | 499 | 18.641191 | 89 |
employment creation | 755 | 1013 | 18.637723 | 75 |
factor productivity | 6757 | 8987 | 18.633551 | 75 |
economic growth in china | 862 | 1194 | 18.633387 | 72 |
convergence clubs | 379 | 403 | 18.631771 | 94 |
labor markets | 5595 | 7727 | 18.628841 | 72 |
income convergence | 462 | 535 | 18.628605 | 86 |
labour market integration | 412 | 456 | 18.626570 | 90 |
standard employment | 534 | 653 | 18.625689 | 82 |
total factor productivity (tfp) growth | 438 | 498 | 18.624174 | 88 |
wage growth | 961 | 1368 | 18.621635 | 70 |
market policies | 1411 | 2109 | 18.621471 | 67 |
women's employment | 896 | 1264 | 18.615143 | 71 |
agricultural insurance | 525 | 643 | 18.613737 | 82 |
specific human capital | 538 | 665 | 18.612379 | 81 |
labour market conditions | 514 | 627 | 18.608335 | 82 |
active labour market policies | 412 | 462 | 18.606047 | 89 |
sustainable irrigation | 420 | 479 | 18.592174 | 88 |
the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis | 374 | 406 | 18.590235 | 92 |
anti-trafficking | 537 | 673 | 18.588977 | 80 |
ecotourism development | 519 | 643 | 18.588760 | 81 |
labor relation | 1901 | 2942 | 18.583819 | 65 |
technology shocks | 489 | 595 | 18.583685 | 82 |
labor relations | 1861 | 2880 | 18.583204 | 65 |
the labour market | 11189 | 13525 | 18.582339 | 83 |
labour regulation | 400 | 450 | 18.581143 | 89 |
labour market reform | 417 | 478 | 18.579485 | 87 |
malmquist | 2645 | 4081 | 18.578269 | 65 |
microfin | 4346 | 6403 | 18.576968 | 68 |
sustainable agricultural systems | 439 | 515 | 18.576140 | 85 |
workplace hazard | 568 | 731 | 18.575660 | 78 |
workers' rights | 506 | 627 | 18.574173 | 81 |
credit union | 677 | 918 | 18.573937 | 74 |
technological spillover | 389 | 435 | 18.571528 | 89 |
physical and human capital | 436 | 513 | 18.567102 | 85 |
employment protection legislation | 437 | 515 | 18.566026 | 85 |
wage difference | 524 | 661 | 18.564997 | 79 |
labor market institution | 489 | 606 | 18.554334 | 81 |
ecotourist | 397 | 454 | 18.550446 | 87 |
labor standard | 752 | 1062 | 18.549892 | 71 |
early school leaving | 342 | 366 | 18.547305 | 93 |
youth employment | 696 | 966 | 18.547169 | 72 |
nature tourism | 463 | 567 | 18.540898 | 82 |
trafficking victim | 444 | 535 | 18.540872 | 83 |
labor standards | 716 | 1006 | 18.538629 | 71 |
formal employment | 1161 | 1783 | 18.537822 | 65 |
balanced growth path | 419 | 495 | 18.535174 | 85 |
economic growth and development | 1442 | 2265 | 18.534933 | 64 |
earnings inequality | 625 | 849 | 18.534453 | 74 |
capital development | 1472 | 2318 | 18.532919 | 64 |
freedom of association | 506 | 644 | 18.531137 | 79 |
growth energy | 1277 | 1990 | 18.530567 | 64 |
labor market institutions | 469 | 582 | 18.527552 | 81 |
human capital management | 429 | 517 | 18.518990 | 83 |
credit unions | 560 | 744 | 18.516485 | 75 |
parental employment | 374 | 426 | 18.515620 | 88 |
human capital (hc) | 320 | 339 | 18.512413 | 94 |
sustainable development of tourism | 393 | 459 | 18.510678 | 86 |
economic development level | 1117 | 1734 | 18.510291 | 64 |
long-run economic growth | 409 | 486 | 18.510274 | 84 |
job stability | 450 | 556 | 18.509420 | 81 |
fairtrade | 360 | 405 | 18.507832 | 89 |
wage employment | 600 | 820 | 18.504915 | 73 |
endogenous growth | 3035 | 4821 | 18.504826 | 63 |
earnings gap | 502 | 648 | 18.503942 | 77 |
child sexual exploitation | 347 | 385 | 18.502571 | 90 |
employment quality | 331 | 359 | 18.502310 | 92 |
labour exploitation | 348 | 387 | 18.501134 | 90 |
agriculture productivity | 387 | 452 | 18.500214 | 86 |
local labor market | 869 | 1306 | 18.496637 | 67 |
labour laws | 437 | 539 | 18.494012 | 81 |
human-capital | 405 | 485 | 18.491626 | 84 |
flexicurity | 328 | 359 | 18.481525 | 91 |
safe working environment | 551 | 745 | 18.479542 | 74 |
labor market condition | 650 | 923 | 18.479238 | 70 |
alternative tourism | 352 | 400 | 18.476173 | 88 |
social and human capital | 310 | 331 | 18.475802 | 94 |
manufacturing productivity | 711 | 1039 | 18.469999 | 68 |
labour market regulation | 356 | 410 | 18.463653 | 87 |
the labor market | 10589 | 13722 | 18.462684 | 77 |
human capital investments | 431 | 540 | 18.460585 | 80 |
carbon tax policy | 325 | 359 | 18.460548 | 91 |
weather derivative | 332 | 371 | 18.458917 | 89 |
regional development. | 2092 | 3466 | 18.456838 | 60 |
wage differences | 450 | 575 | 18.456108 | 78 |
labor market conditions | 627 | 895 | 18.454213 | 70 |
economic development strategies | 471 | 614 | 18.451498 | 77 |
access to financial services | 407 | 502 | 18.448585 | 81 |
employment security | 428 | 539 | 18.448100 | 79 |
labor regulation | 413 | 513 | 18.447030 | 81 |
wage distribution | 825 | 1264 | 18.446272 | 65 |
structural capital | 770 | 1167 | 18.439916 | 66 |
cultural heritage tourism | 317 | 352 | 18.433591 | 90 |
occupational health hazard | 543 | 752 | 18.432998 | 72 |
market policy | 1138 | 1854 | 18.429405 | 61 |
sustainable economic | 4123 | 6592 | 18.427034 | 63 |
workplace hazards | 449 | 584 | 18.426593 | 77 |
local labour | 906 | 1430 | 18.425787 | 63 |
malmquist index | 1033 | 1667 | 18.423732 | 62 |
the concept of sustainable development | 1399 | 2345 | 18.413842 | 60 |
environment and sustainable development | 433 | 560 | 18.413361 | 77 |
growth accounting | 579 | 828 | 18.413266 | 70 |
weather derivatives | 312 | 349 | 18.410225 | 89 |
rapid economic development | 1654 | 2806 | 18.408009 | 59 |
endogenous growth theory | 333 | 386 | 18.405131 | 86 |
informal economies | 314 | 354 | 18.403243 | 89 |
occupational safety and health | 6750 | 10022 | 18.403197 | 67 |
concept of sustainable development | 1528 | 2592 | 18.402002 | 59 |
trafficking victims | 365 | 443 | 18.400260 | 82 |
exploitation of children | 354 | 424 | 18.399181 | 83 |
ecotourists | 286 | 308 | 18.398716 | 93 |
occupational safety and health administration | 1555 | 2645 | 18.398610 | 59 |
financial access | 673 | 1014 | 18.396106 | 66 |
solow model | 350 | 418 | 18.395532 | 84 |
workers’ rights | 343 | 407 | 18.390936 | 84 |
labor market policies | 422 | 548 | 18.390880 | 77 |
micro-credit | 387 | 485 | 18.390419 | 80 |
financial technology (fintech) | 371 | 457 | 18.388605 | 81 |
green economic | 622 | 922 | 18.388344 | 67 |
community tourism | 314 | 359 | 18.381943 | 87 |
regional labour market | 389 | 492 | 18.379552 | 79 |
active labour | 844 | 1353 | 18.376820 | 62 |
cooperative bank | 389 | 493 | 18.376386 | 79 |
transition from school to work | 360 | 441 | 18.376307 | 82 |
technological spillovers | 295 | 328 | 18.375537 | 90 |
industry productivity | 397 | 508 | 18.374797 | 78 |
non-standard employment | 290 | 320 | 18.373351 | 91 |
female labour force participation | 424 | 558 | 18.372808 | 76 |
market outcomes | 3156 | 5350 | 18.371486 | 59 |
malmquist productivity index (mpi) | 275 | 296 | 18.367404 | 93 |
labour legislation | 356 | 438 | 18.361761 | 81 |
innovation policies | 993 | 1651 | 18.361754 | 60 |
equal employment | 733 | 1151 | 18.361617 | 64 |
community economic development | 354 | 435 | 18.359704 | 81 |
economic development strategy | 437 | 587 | 18.359135 | 74 |
sexual exploitation | 1363 | 2352 | 18.358204 | 58 |
unbanked | 419 | 555 | 18.355194 | 75 |
tourism sustainability | 487 | 683 | 18.353822 | 71 |
wage discrimination | 403 | 527 | 18.350566 | 76 |
labor laws | 526 | 759 | 18.349846 | 69 |
occupational safety | 10259 | 14172 | 18.341939 | 72 |
green total factor productivity (gtfp) | 249 | 258 | 18.339713 | 97 |
european labour market | 299 | 343 | 18.339015 | 87 |
the economic growth | 4986 | 8099 | 18.336539 | 62 |
intech | 3014 | 5224 | 18.336207 | 58 |
endogenous growth models | 288 | 325 | 18.334109 | 89 |
regional sustainable development | 872 | 1446 | 18.329396 | 60 |
women's entrepreneurship | 271 | 297 | 18.328393 | 91 |
capital approach | 683 | 1076 | 18.328060 | 63 |
returns to schooling | 380 | 492 | 18.327505 | 77 |
economic growth mode | 700 | 1110 | 18.327146 | 63 |
child trafficking | 312 | 369 | 18.325663 | 85 |
capital income tax | 374 | 482 | 18.323981 | 78 |
economic development policy | 470 | 664 | 18.322011 | 71 |
victims of human trafficking | 272 | 300 | 18.321942 | 91 |
climate and energy policy | 283 | 319 | 18.321733 | 89 |
safe work practice | 386 | 505 | 18.321715 | 76 |
cooperative banks | 318 | 381 | 18.320371 | 83 |
formal credit | 524 | 770 | 18.318445 | 68 |
labor exploitation | 295 | 341 | 18.316965 | 87 |
microfinance program | 308 | 364 | 18.316943 | 85 |
principles of sustainable development | 737 | 1192 | 18.314056 | 62 |
micro-finance | 320 | 387 | 18.310828 | 83 |
physical capital | 1565 | 2801 | 18.306439 | 56 |
rural tourism development | 302 | 356 | 18.305670 | 85 |
economic growth rate | 1147 | 2008 | 18.304270 | 57 |
credit cooperative | 323 | 395 | 18.300815 | 82 |
agricultural credit | 493 | 718 | 18.300143 | 69 |
economic development policies | 387 | 515 | 18.296903 | 75 |
fatal occupational injuries | 296 | 348 | 18.294090 | 85 |
job-search | 342 | 432 | 18.292846 | 79 |
land productivity | 1701 | 3078 | 18.291115 | 55 |
sexual exploitation of children | 274 | 310 | 18.289960 | 88 |
female labor force participation | 582 | 899 | 18.289731 | 65 |
flexible working hours | 362 | 471 | 18.287024 | 77 |
female labour force | 462 | 664 | 18.284809 | 70 |
long-run growth | 768 | 1276 | 18.283883 | 60 |
market outcome | 3230 | 5731 | 18.277867 | 56 |
population and economic growth | 469 | 682 | 18.274750 | 69 |
gross capital formation | 299 | 358 | 18.274406 | 84 |
return to education | 355 | 462 | 18.273194 | 77 |
technical efficiency change | 355 | 463 | 18.269860 | 77 |
skill-bias | 441 | 631 | 18.264687 | 70 |
perceived job insecurity | 231 | 241 | 18.263311 | 96 |
female labor force | 632 | 1015 | 18.263294 | 62 |
labour market reforms | 277 | 321 | 18.262990 | 86 |
safe work practices | 357 | 469 | 18.262550 | 76 |
active labour market policy | 273 | 314 | 18.262379 | 87 |
development policies | 4129 | 7169 | 18.261348 | 58 |
working child | 327 | 413 | 18.260674 | 79 |
working children | 314 | 389 | 18.260057 | 81 |
labour market flexibility | 303 | 369 | 18.258993 | 82 |
quality of human capital | 277 | 323 | 18.253704 | 86 |
labour market performance | 273 | 316 | 18.252904 | 86 |
occupational health hazards | 399 | 554 | 18.250377 | 72 |
investments in human capital | 307 | 379 | 18.248370 | 81 |
market institutions | 1170 | 2120 | 18.247252 | 55 |
biased technological change | 356 | 472 | 18.246453 | 75 |
tourism activities | 1720 | 3206 | 18.237024 | 54 |
economic growth model | 582 | 929 | 18.236058 | 63 |
school-leaving | 308 | 384 | 18.235904 | 80 |
development sustainable | 1710 | 3191 | 18.234742 | 54 |
labour productivity growth | 290 | 351 | 18.234311 | 83 |
regional development policy | 360 | 484 | 18.232608 | 74 |
microfinance industry | 251 | 281 | 18.232393 | 89 |
tourism work | 295 | 361 | 18.231077 | 82 |
local labour markets | 361 | 487 | 18.229238 | 74 |
tourism sustainable development | 281 | 336 | 18.227620 | 84 |
labour force participation | 1056 | 1914 | 18.226181 | 55 |
occupational safety and health administration (osha) | 804 | 1396 | 18.225064 | 58 |
indigenous tourism | 234 | 253 | 18.222636 | 92 |
equal employment opportunity | 556 | 884 | 18.220677 | 63 |
fully modified ordinary least square | 568 | 909 | 18.220324 | 62 |
industrial productivity | 410 | 590 | 18.211456 | 69 |
labour market position | 252 | 287 | 18.210444 | 88 |
sustainable regional development | 438 | 648 | 18.207787 | 68 |
labor productivity growth | 311 | 397 | 18.207407 | 78 |
trafficking in persons | 317 | 409 | 18.205389 | 78 |
labour force survey | 887 | 1589 | 18.202160 | 56 |
level of economic development | 1257 | 2358 | 18.197546 | 53 |
inclusive finance | 250 | 286 | 18.197067 | 87 |
ecotourism destination | 263 | 310 | 18.195285 | 85 |
international labour organization | 784 | 1381 | 18.192281 | 57 |
high-quality economic development | 332 | 442 | 18.191140 | 75 |
school-to-work transitions | 220 | 234 | 18.191047 | 94 |
regional labor market | 334 | 446 | 18.190829 | 75 |
green growth | 1016 | 1873 | 18.187898 | 54 |
human capital resource | 251 | 290 | 18.185845 | 87 |
female labour | 831 | 1486 | 18.185658 | 56 |
regional development policies | 333 | 446 | 18.184106 | 75 |
victims of trafficking | 261 | 309 | 18.182441 | 84 |
microcredit program | 244 | 278 | 18.182305 | 88 |
sustainable development (sd) | 679 | 1167 | 18.180760 | 58 |
human capital stock | 246 | 285 | 18.164712 | 86 |
market flexibility | 504 | 806 | 18.161734 | 63 |
financial technology | 886 | 1627 | 18.159387 | 54 |
social and economic development | 2984 | 5676 | 18.157154 | 53 |
unidirectional causality | 969 | 1807 | 18.156633 | 54 |
child work | 331 | 451 | 18.153558 | 73 |
us labour market | 248 | 291 | 18.152836 | 85 |
credit cooperatives | 256 | 306 | 18.152177 | 84 |
growth account | 617 | 1056 | 18.147982 | 58 |
tourism plan | 1055 | 2003 | 18.144903 | 53 |
safe workplace | 316 | 424 | 18.143510 | 75 |
economic growth and employment | 289 | 371 | 18.143118 | 78 |
local labor markets | 452 | 705 | 18.142281 | 64 |
socio-economic development | 5921 | 10249 | 18.139911 | 58 |
fmols | 752 | 1357 | 18.137248 | 55 |
gtfp | 323 | 440 | 18.136389 | 73 |
development and environment | 1951 | 3849 | 18.132092 | 51 |
tourism environment | 504 | 821 | 18.132084 | 61 |
job search process | 236 | 273 | 18.131179 | 86 |
labor market policy | 305 | 406 | 18.129381 | 75 |
trade openness | 2065 | 4076 | 18.128943 | 51 |
autoregressive distributed lag (ardl) | 1039 | 1989 | 18.127205 | 52 |
job destruction | 333 | 463 | 18.126880 | 72 |
employment equity | 260 | 319 | 18.126333 | 82 |
sustainability tourism | 469 | 749 | 18.125342 | 63 |
national minimum wage | 245 | 291 | 18.124570 | 84 |
work transition | 1022 | 1962 | 18.118670 | 52 |
safe work environment | 304 | 407 | 18.118239 | 75 |
pillars of sustainable development | 260 | 321 | 18.117063 | 81 |
tourism entrepreneurship | 205 | 220 | 18.112865 | 93 |
informal credit | 286 | 373 | 18.111291 | 77 |
china economic growth | 310 | 421 | 18.111115 | 74 |
regional policies | 937 | 1787 | 18.109404 | 52 |
market institution | 1223 | 2408 | 18.107434 | 51 |
renewable energy consumption | 1339 | 2658 | 18.104741 | 50 |
ecoefficiency | 212 | 234 | 18.103495 | 91 |
sustainable development strategies | 478 | 780 | 18.101294 | 61 |
china's economic growth | 431 | 679 | 18.099041 | 63 |
environmental externality | 250 | 306 | 18.097320 | 82 |
fair-trade | 218 | 246 | 18.096952 | 89 |
unemployed youth | 273 | 351 | 18.096146 | 78 |
sustainable development strategy | 669 | 1208 | 18.092821 | 55 |
environmentally sustainable development | 284 | 374 | 18.091306 | 76 |
local economic | 3486 | 6748 | 18.089884 | 52 |
economic development mode | 473 | 776 | 18.087033 | 61 |
the level of economic development | 721 | 1332 | 18.082857 | 54 |
ecological-economic model | 195 | 207 | 18.081106 | 94 |
sustainable consumption and production | 383 | 584 | 18.078229 | 66 |
socio-economic growth | 360 | 535 | 18.077879 | 67 |
the self-employed | 696 | 1281 | 18.076173 | 54 |
trafficking in human beings | 217 | 248 | 18.074395 | 88 |
labor market regulation | 256 | 323 | 18.072148 | 79 |
solow | 1131 | 2257 | 18.070976 | 50 |
growth hypothesis | 534 | 920 | 18.070753 | 58 |
labour supply | 1397 | 2833 | 18.070747 | 49 |
global labour market | 203 | 223 | 18.070123 | 91 |
human smuggling | 216 | 247 | 18.069380 | 87 |
development policy | 4391 | 8311 | 18.069025 | 53 |
formal labor market | 236 | 285 | 18.068165 | 83 |
ardl bound | 575 | 1014 | 18.067653 | 57 |
supply chain financing | 220 | 255 | 18.066293 | 86 |
labor market integration | 241 | 295 | 18.066286 | 82 |
market discrimination | 356 | 531 | 18.064787 | 67 |
sustainable agriculture development | 209 | 235 | 18.063659 | 89 |
labour market segmentation | 260 | 333 | 18.062631 | 78 |
tourism planning | 852 | 1647 | 18.060353 | 52 |
access to financing | 245 | 304 | 18.060242 | 81 |
regional economic performance | 213 | 243 | 18.060064 | 88 |
schumpeterian growth | 213 | 243 | 18.060064 | 88 |
panel causality | 454 | 747 | 18.059890 | 61 |
tourism-led growth | 193 | 207 | 18.056500 | 93 |
per capita gdp growth | 213 | 244 | 18.054128 | 87 |
capital formation | 1879 | 3868 | 18.053934 | 49 |
informal job | 212 | 243 | 18.048975 | 87 |
innovation policy | 2113 | 4352 | 18.047808 | 49 |
gender division of labor | 229 | 276 | 18.044938 | 83 |
female labor | 1122 | 2274 | 18.042309 | 49 |
international labour | 1409 | 2905 | 18.041719 | 49 |
regional income | 605 | 1100 | 18.040095 | 55 |
carbon tax rate | 191 | 206 | 18.038538 | 93 |
regional policy | 2328 | 4798 | 18.038387 | 49 |
community-based tourism (cbt) | 193 | 210 | 18.035969 | 92 |
tourism development | 7078 | 12386 | 18.035645 | 57 |
precarious employment | 603 | 1099 | 18.034728 | 55 |
market participation | 1778 | 3704 | 18.032539 | 48 |
employment insecurity | 197 | 218 | 18.031381 | 90 |
skill-biased technological change | 224 | 269 | 18.030824 | 83 |
autoregressive distributed lag | 2321 | 4807 | 18.029432 | 48 |
regional labour markets | 230 | 281 | 18.028889 | 82 |
dynamic ordinary least square | 480 | 824 | 18.022482 | 58 |
pay equity | 286 | 396 | 18.021472 | 72 |
human capital endowment | 210 | 244 | 18.020713 | 86 |
economic development in china | 494 | 857 | 18.020617 | 58 |
educated workers | 621 | 1151 | 18.019514 | 54 |
and economic growth | 13995 | 20423 | 18.018984 | 69 |
sustainable region | 585 | 1068 | 18.018752 | 55 |
labor market dynamics | 250 | 323 | 18.017532 | 77 |
job searches | 201 | 228 | 18.014820 | 88 |
labor market reform | 259 | 342 | 18.014247 | 76 |
flexible labour | 296 | 419 | 18.014183 | 71 |
german labour market | 216 | 257 | 18.011906 | 84 |
overeducation | 300 | 429 | 18.008818 | 70 |
ethnic tourism | 213 | 252 | 18.007495 | 85 |
sustainable agricultural intensification | 179 | 189 | 18.005282 | 95 |
tourism resource | 976 | 1989 | 18.004605 | 49 |
labor legislation | 289 | 407 | 18.003919 | 71 |
wage premiums | 235 | 296 | 18.002843 | 79 |
productivity change | 1122 | 2328 | 18.001029 | 48 |
job search behavior | 215 | 257 | 18.001020 | 84 |
commercial sexual exploitation of children | 177 | 186 | 18.000841 | 95 |
u.s. labor market | 279 | 387 | 17.999762 | 72 |
firms' productivity | 207 | 242 | 17.998669 | 86 |
conditional convergence | 534 | 962 | 17.998486 | 56 |
employment opportunity | 692 | 1337 | 17.993040 | 52 |
labour market experience | 235 | 298 | 17.992984 | 79 |
bidirectional causality | 759 | 1495 | 17.992868 | 51 |
agricultural productivity growth | 208 | 245 | 17.992276 | 85 |
microfinance sector | 210 | 249 | 17.991446 | 84 |
education for sustainable development | 1467 | 3116 | 17.991028 | 47 |
pro-poor tourism | 175 | 184 | 17.988716 | 95 |
labour organization | 849 | 1711 | 17.988266 | 50 |
fully modified ordinary least squares | 358 | 563 | 17.986845 | 64 |
inequality and growth | 194 | 220 | 17.981865 | 88 |
national economic growth | 413 | 690 | 17.981542 | 60 |
low-wage | 1285 | 2727 | 17.980578 | 47 |
labor regulations | 232 | 295 | 17.977990 | 79 |
tourism stakeholder | 484 | 858 | 17.975420 | 56 |
bounds test | 979 | 2031 | 17.974403 | 48 |
equal pay | 517 | 938 | 17.971388 | 55 |
rural economic development | 408 | 683 | 17.971226 | 60 |
community-based ecotourism | 178 | 192 | 17.969583 | 93 |
tourism project | 410 | 689 | 17.968073 | 60 |
labour market transition | 187 | 209 | 17.967459 | 89 |
us labor market | 275 | 387 | 17.967000 | 71 |
energy policies | 2583 | 5494 | 17.965291 | 47 |
green tourism | 210 | 254 | 17.962760 | 83 |
provincial panel data | 597 | 1134 | 17.962598 | 53 |
collective bargaining | 2130 | 4590 | 17.962242 | 46 |
total factor productivity change | 186 | 208 | 17.961481 | 89 |
digital financial inclusion | 197 | 229 | 17.960949 | 86 |
sexual slavery | 199 | 233 | 17.960056 | 85 |
education for sustainable | 1512 | 3274 | 17.957907 | 46 |
labour market status | 193 | 222 | 17.956676 | 87 |
socio-economic and environmental impacts | 178 | 194 | 17.954955 | 92 |
self-employed | 2830 | 6009 | 17.953552 | 47 |
regional development strategies | 246 | 329 | 17.953284 | 75 |
women's labor | 484 | 870 | 17.953194 | 56 |
panel cointegration | 942 | 1970 | 17.951675 | 48 |
labour market entry | 182 | 202 | 17.951055 | 90 |
malmquist-luenberger | 240 | 317 | 17.951052 | 76 |
social and environmental impact | 799 | 1629 | 17.950811 | 49 |
human capital model | 256 | 351 | 17.949095 | 73 |
worker rights | 233 | 303 | 17.948838 | 77 |
wage structure | 475 | 851 | 17.948735 | 56 |
credit constrained | 221 | 279 | 17.946294 | 79 |
sustainable development indicator | 386 | 643 | 17.945412 | 60 |
growth economic | 654 | 1284 | 17.945137 | 51 |
the economic development | 4962 | 9776 | 17.944585 | 51 |
tourism resources | 798 | 1633 | 17.944153 | 49 |
occupational safety and health management | 193 | 224 | 17.943879 | 86 |
female entrepreneurs | 800 | 1639 | 17.942936 | 49 |
low-wage jobs | 196 | 230 | 17.942669 | 85 |
tourism and economic growth | 186 | 211 | 17.941148 | 88 |
female entrepreneur | 841 | 1740 | 17.940793 | 48 |
sources of economic growth | 213 | 264 | 17.940251 | 81 |
regional convergence | 434 | 759 | 17.938090 | 57 |
decent work and economic growth | 183 | 206 | 17.936376 | 89 |
ardl bounds | 418 | 722 | 17.936237 | 58 |
wage dispersion | 361 | 589 | 17.935436 | 61 |
green economic growth | 194 | 228 | 17.930864 | 85 |
environmental tax reform | 175 | 192 | 17.928773 | 91 |
economic development model | 335 | 532 | 17.927594 | 63 |
effects of tourism | 404 | 693 | 17.927164 | 58 |
tourism stakeholders | 445 | 791 | 17.926264 | 56 |
economic growth rates | 447 | 796 | 17.925844 | 56 |
financial exclusion | 321 | 501 | 17.924734 | 64 |
social and environmental impacts | 634 | 1251 | 17.924692 | 51 |
trafficking survivors | 160 | 165 | 17.924505 | 97 |
eco-efficiency analysis | 187 | 216 | 17.920647 | 87 |
rural tourism destination | 176 | 195 | 17.920601 | 90 |
male entrepreneurs | 829 | 1734 | 17.918140 | 48 |
internal labor market | 269 | 387 | 17.916952 | 70 |
wage penalty | 296 | 447 | 17.916662 | 66 |
flexible labour market | 183 | 209 | 17.915891 | 88 |
tourism activity | 597 | 1167 | 17.915558 | 51 |
the sustainable development goals (sdgs) | 1412 | 3123 | 17.915324 | 45 |
aggregate productivity | 514 | 965 | 17.913420 | 53 |
global sustainable development | 471 | 862 | 17.910319 | 55 |
male entrepreneur | 873 | 1850 | 17.910009 | 47 |
national economic development | 643 | 1287 | 17.906630 | 50 |
economics of climate change | 199 | 243 | 17.899851 | 82 |
rural development policy | 338 | 549 | 17.899079 | 62 |
tourism practice | 366 | 615 | 17.898704 | 60 |
self-employed work | 417 | 738 | 17.896624 | 57 |
sustainable socio-economic development | 266 | 386 | 17.895356 | 69 |
implementation of sustainable development | 365 | 614 | 17.895253 | 59 |
intec | 3025 | 6582 | 17.893022 | 46 |
tourism potential | 678 | 1386 | 17.891560 | 49 |
microinsurance | 183 | 213 | 17.889030 | 86 |
agenda 2030 | 603 | 1201 | 17.889015 | 50 |
occupational fatalities | 202 | 251 | 17.888613 | 80 |
mass tourism | 721 | 1499 | 17.884955 | 48 |
trafficking in women | 176 | 200 | 17.884915 | 88 |
environmental costs | 1912 | 4312 | 17.883820 | 44 |
sustainable ecotourism | 183 | 214 | 17.882394 | 86 |
urban lab | 516 | 989 | 17.881952 | 52 |
mincer | 390 | 681 | 17.878267 | 57 |
neoclassical growth | 582 | 1158 | 17.875782 | 50 |
labour market dynamics | 184 | 217 | 17.875627 | 85 |
minimum wage increase | 268 | 396 | 17.874275 | 68 |
urban labor market | 233 | 319 | 17.873584 | 73 |
spatial spillover effect | 804 | 1719 | 17.872067 | 47 |
employed workers | 917 | 2003 | 17.870319 | 46 |
sustainable agriculture practices | 180 | 210 | 17.869721 | 86 |
labor market performance | 227 | 307 | 17.869331 | 74 |
tourism destinations | 1657 | 3772 | 17.869327 | 44 |
sustainable development indicators | 338 | 560 | 17.868675 | 60 |
labour market | 28851 | 34606 | 17.868584 | 83 |
ardl bounds test | 375 | 649 | 17.868172 | 58 |
sustainable development goals (sdgs) | 3666 | 7888 | 17.867547 | 46 |
employee right | 242 | 340 | 17.867257 | 71 |
development of tourism | 1580 | 3600 | 17.866910 | 44 |
digital financial | 421 | 762 | 17.866748 | 55 |
employment condition | 742 | 1570 | 17.864971 | 47 |
tourism site | 479 | 909 | 17.861130 | 53 |
agricultural finance | 197 | 246 | 17.858492 | 80 |
luenberger productivity | 225 | 305 | 17.858382 | 74 |
credit-constrained | 213 | 280 | 17.855197 | 76 |
low-skill | 1504 | 3446 | 17.855120 | 44 |
fintech companies | 210 | 274 | 17.853403 | 77 |
employment conditions | 709 | 1499 | 17.851164 | 47 |
sustainable development principles | 301 | 480 | 17.846605 | 63 |
environmental cost | 2829 | 6349 | 17.846526 | 45 |
cross-country growth | 157 | 169 | 17.845273 | 93 |
local economic growth | 308 | 497 | 17.845099 | 62 |
low-skilled | 1173 | 2670 | 17.844597 | 44 |
financial development | 3057 | 6812 | 17.844366 | 45 |
self-employed worker | 381 | 674 | 17.843855 | 57 |
child exploitation | 175 | 204 | 17.843387 | 86 |
gender division of labour | 184 | 222 | 17.843328 | 83 |
spatial spillover | 1104 | 2504 | 17.841845 | 44 |
sustainable agricultural management | 163 | 181 | 17.840525 | 90 |
tourism business | 894 | 1980 | 17.840385 | 45 |
employee rights | 231 | 322 | 17.840038 | 72 |
tourism management | 1228 | 2813 | 17.839208 | 44 |
self-employed workers | 373 | 657 | 17.837557 | 57 |
global malmquist | 208 | 273 | 17.836338 | 76 |
responsible tourism | 269 | 409 | 17.834596 | 66 |
per capita gdp | 1347 | 3111 | 17.833869 | 43 |
urban sustainable development | 449 | 849 | 17.833122 | 53 |
tourism product | 1372 | 3173 | 17.832904 | 43 |
equal employment opportunity commission | 283 | 442 | 17.832851 | 64 |
negative environmental externalities | 164 | 184 | 17.832326 | 89 |
trafficked women | 147 | 152 | 17.831508 | 97 |
goals of sustainable development | 356 | 618 | 17.830768 | 58 |
self-employment rate | 170 | 196 | 17.830247 | 87 |
aid for trade | 171 | 198 | 17.830052 | 86 |
regional inequality | 644 | 1351 | 17.829524 | 48 |
graduate labour market | 157 | 171 | 17.828944 | 92 |
bounds testing | 590 | 1213 | 17.827942 | 49 |
agrotourism | 192 | 241 | 17.827250 | 80 |
human capital method | 163 | 183 | 17.825194 | 89 |
sustainable development of the region | 359 | 628 | 17.824283 | 57 |
labour market situation | 179 | 215 | 17.823198 | 83 |
small loans | 191 | 240 | 17.820861 | 80 |
strategic human capital | 160 | 178 | 17.818974 | 90 |
rate of economic growth | 446 | 849 | 17.818905 | 53 |
2030 agenda | 1296 | 3013 | 17.818644 | 43 |
total factor productivity index | 162 | 182 | 17.818001 | 89 |
the sdgs | 1606 | 3760 | 17.817647 | 43 |
sustainable development in china | 295 | 475 | 17.817521 | 62 |
crops productivity | 182 | 222 | 17.817387 | 82 |
youth unemployment rate | 181 | 220 | 17.817113 | 82 |
economics environment | 393 | 716 | 17.816600 | 55 |
self-employed women | 176 | 210 | 17.816145 | 84 |
trafficking of women | 169 | 196 | 17.816105 | 86 |
labour market attachment | 153 | 165 | 17.815818 | 93 |
spanish labour market | 154 | 167 | 17.814967 | 92 |
female entrepreneurship | 420 | 785 | 17.814864 | 54 |
regional economic | 6564 | 12994 | 17.813632 | 51 |
the malmquist index | 325 | 549 | 17.812683 | 59 |
united nations sustainable development goals | 779 | 1716 | 17.812237 | 45 |
agenda for sustainable development | 733 | 1597 | 17.811885 | 46 |
sustainable growth | 2809 | 6423 | 17.811785 | 44 |
labour market structure | 171 | 201 | 17.808938 | 85 |
sustainable consumption | 1658 | 3901 | 17.808813 | 43 |
group lending | 196 | 253 | 17.806394 | 77 |
women’s entrepreneurship | 220 | 305 | 17.806388 | 72 |
forms of tourism | 396 | 729 | 17.804856 | 54 |
ilo convention | 227 | 321 | 17.804336 | 71 |
china's economic development | 417 | 783 | 17.803567 | 53 |
informal firms | 160 | 180 | 17.803426 | 89 |
labor force participation | 1658 | 3921 | 17.799442 | 42 |
development entrepreneurship | 320 | 542 | 17.798065 | 59 |
internal labour market | 206 | 276 | 17.798053 | 75 |
informal workers | 418 | 789 | 17.796678 | 53 |
precarious work | 733 | 1612 | 17.796192 | 45 |
labour market opportunities | 159 | 179 | 17.796043 | 89 |
forms of employment | 404 | 754 | 17.795033 | 54 |
tourism operator | 357 | 635 | 17.795015 | 56 |
labour market programmes | 168 | 197 | 17.794751 | 85 |
employment effect | 917 | 2096 | 17.792220 | 44 |
skill premium | 304 | 505 | 17.791904 | 60 |
crop water productivity (cwp) | 143 | 149 | 17.791372 | 96 |
sustainable development concept | 371 | 673 | 17.788597 | 55 |
entrepreneurship policies | 160 | 182 | 17.788050 | 88 |
human capital resources | 170 | 202 | 17.787944 | 84 |
young unemployed | 183 | 229 | 17.786407 | 80 |
employer-employee data | 443 | 860 | 17.784207 | 52 |
durbin model | 648 | 1400 | 17.783137 | 46 |
formal firms | 186 | 236 | 17.782153 | 79 |
inclusive growth | 777 | 1742 | 17.781719 | 45 |
spatial durbin model | 615 | 1314 | 17.781547 | 47 |
endogenous technological change | 164 | 191 | 17.780195 | 86 |
luenberger index | 191 | 247 | 17.779895 | 77 |
tourism sector | 2578 | 6048 | 17.777812 | 43 |
gender division | 545 | 1132 | 17.777188 | 48 |
carbon taxation | 286 | 466 | 17.777139 | 61 |
determinants of economic growth | 222 | 316 | 17.775835 | 70 |
right to strike | 185 | 235 | 17.775445 | 79 |
gender wage gaps | 173 | 210 | 17.775157 | 82 |
rural economic | 665 | 1452 | 17.775061 | 46 |
tourism economic | 354 | 636 | 17.774233 | 56 |
informal worker | 429 | 829 | 17.774103 | 52 |
human capital efficiency | 161 | 186 | 17.772795 | 87 |
regional labor markets | 189 | 244 | 17.772510 | 77 |
international labour organization (ilo) | 305 | 514 | 17.772460 | 59 |
wage setting | 376 | 693 | 17.772102 | 54 |
labor market effects | 266 | 420 | 17.769793 | 63 |
pay gaps | 185 | 236 | 17.769420 | 78 |
human capital level | 149 | 163 | 17.768262 | 91 |
capital productivity | 338 | 598 | 17.768054 | 57 |
health human capital | 166 | 197 | 17.766055 | 84 |
wage increase | 668 | 1468 | 17.765946 | 46 |
wage level | 621 | 1344 | 17.764148 | 46 |
tourism-led growth hypothesis | 145 | 156 | 17.762351 | 93 |
spatial durbin | 668 | 1472 | 17.761426 | 45 |
wage effect | 447 | 883 | 17.761406 | 51 |
global economic development | 288 | 476 | 17.760806 | 61 |
kuznets | 3946 | 8865 | 17.759600 | 45 |
tax climate | 216 | 306 | 17.759194 | 71 |
the informal sector | 1366 | 3291 | 17.759120 | 42 |
economic growth. | 16406 | 25486 | 17.759106 | 64 |
labour and employment | 219 | 313 | 17.758285 | 70 |
eco-efficiency assessment | 140 | 147 | 17.757917 | 95 |
environmental taxation | 288 | 477 | 17.757653 | 60 |
former child soldiers | 142 | 151 | 17.755934 | 94 |
fintechs | 195 | 260 | 17.755383 | 75 |
trafficked persons | 144 | 155 | 17.754285 | 93 |
tourism policy | 625 | 1363 | 17.754065 | 46 |
capital endowment | 302 | 513 | 17.753506 | 59 |
labor trafficking | 146 | 159 | 17.752944 | 92 |
un sustainable development goals | 645 | 1418 | 17.752598 | 45 |
cs-ardl | 223 | 324 | 17.749848 | 69 |
education for sustainable development (esd) | 544 | 1149 | 17.749210 | 47 |
tourism operators | 339 | 608 | 17.749088 | 56 |
club convergence | 286 | 475 | 17.748425 | 60 |
human capital | 32919 | 39395 | 17.745478 | 84 |
human capita | 32924 | 39407 | 17.744961 | 84 |
education and labour market | 145 | 158 | 17.744861 | 92 |
un sustainable development goal | 714 | 1612 | 17.743677 | 44 |
human and social capital | 460 | 928 | 17.742917 | 50 |
european labour markets | 151 | 170 | 17.742635 | 89 |
pooled mean group | 418 | 817 | 17.741835 | 51 |
the 2030 agenda | 879 | 2060 | 17.739361 | 43 |
energy sustainable development | 419 | 821 | 17.739236 | 51 |
islamic microfinance | 177 | 224 | 17.738616 | 79 |
natural capital | 1453 | 3548 | 17.738351 | 41 |
bounds testing approach | 416 | 814 | 17.737412 | 51 |
model of economic growth | 286 | 479 | 17.735837 | 60 |
2030 agenda for sustainable development | 652 | 1452 | 17.735194 | 45 |
labour market transitions | 149 | 167 | 17.734852 | 89 |
temporary employment | 506 | 1058 | 17.732523 | 48 |
capital accumulation | 3134 | 7375 | 17.732288 | 42 |
global economic growth | 387 | 740 | 17.732110 | 52 |
dual labour market | 179 | 230 | 17.727924 | 78 |
ecotourism industry | 146 | 162 | 17.727256 | 90 |
living wages | 146 | 162 | 17.727256 | 90 |
ergonomic workplace | 146 | 162 | 17.727256 | 90 |
economic development levels | 247 | 386 | 17.727188 | 64 |
hiring discrimination | 170 | 211 | 17.726788 | 81 |
tourism sites | 353 | 654 | 17.725079 | 54 |
tourism enterprise | 514 | 1085 | 17.724523 | 47 |
tourism products | 800 | 1865 | 17.723973 | 43 |
cultural finance | 199 | 275 | 17.722615 | 72 |
sustainable development of agriculture | 457 | 932 | 17.722315 | 49 |
tourism practices | 281 | 471 | 17.721758 | 60 |
fair trade products | 140 | 151 | 17.721235 | 93 |
labor force survey | 318 | 565 | 17.721024 | 56 |
on-the-job search | 193 | 262 | 17.720286 | 74 |
women's labor force participation | 211 | 303 | 17.719246 | 70 |
green development | 1212 | 2970 | 17.718044 | 41 |
tapio decoupling | 203 | 285 | 17.717742 | 71 |
labor market friction | 245 | 384 | 17.716385 | 64 |
sustainable development mode | 288 | 491 | 17.714192 | 59 |
tourism businesses | 471 | 975 | 17.713822 | 48 |
agenda 21 | 593 | 1309 | 17.713548 | 45 |
augmented mean group | 238 | 368 | 17.712988 | 65 |
occupational injuries and illnesses | 169 | 211 | 17.712728 | 80 |
double dividend | 252 | 402 | 17.712669 | 63 |
tourism projects | 273 | 454 | 17.712159 | 60 |
balanced regional development | 222 | 331 | 17.708436 | 67 |
low-carbon economic | 315 | 562 | 17.708284 | 56 |
safe work | 1906 | 4725 | 17.708099 | 40 |
and collective bargaining | 350 | 655 | 17.704208 | 53 |
labor market discrimination | 200 | 281 | 17.703368 | 71 |
tourism in protected areas | 153 | 179 | 17.703179 | 85 |
employee data | 617 | 1385 | 17.701540 | 45 |
and sustainable development | 9882 | 18531 | 17.700684 | 53 |
low-skilled work | 371 | 714 | 17.696924 | 52 |
labor supply | 2445 | 6012 | 17.696482 | 41 |
labour mobility | 545 | 1190 | 17.696106 | 46 |
gender wage differential | 153 | 180 | 17.695473 | 85 |
search and matching | 386 | 755 | 17.695298 | 51 |
technological progress | 6149 | 13085 | 17.694229 | 47 |
rural bank | 245 | 390 | 17.693564 | 63 |
low-skilled workers | 346 | 649 | 17.693415 | 53 |
solow growth | 192 | 265 | 17.691883 | 72 |
informal sector | 2268 | 5626 | 17.690399 | 40 |
regional development | 10699 | 19699 | 17.689433 | 54 |
employment effects | 728 | 1704 | 17.689411 | 43 |
relative wage | 456 | 949 | 17.688984 | 48 |
low-skilled worker | 347 | 654 | 17.687881 | 53 |
technological shock | 163 | 202 | 17.687391 | 81 |
environmental kuznets curves | 138 | 151 | 17.686036 | 91 |
local economic development (led) | 141 | 157 | 17.685352 | 90 |
the sustainable development goals | 3472 | 8262 | 17.683761 | 42 |
microloan | 172 | 222 | 17.683251 | 77 |
renewable energy policies | 340 | 638 | 17.681651 | 53 |
wage equation | 346 | 654 | 17.681619 | 53 |
urban labour market | 183 | 247 | 17.679198 | 74 |
wage effects | 331 | 616 | 17.676959 | 54 |
general human capital | 157 | 191 | 17.675422 | 82 |
niosh | 1647 | 4169 | 17.674935 | 40 |
job displacement | 215 | 322 | 17.674699 | 67 |
per capita income growth | 169 | 217 | 17.673421 | 78 |
dynamic ordinary least squares | 300 | 536 | 17.672554 | 56 |
unemployment benefit | 838 | 2029 | 17.671889 | 41 |
labor market reforms | 181 | 244 | 17.670624 | 74 |
tourism economy | 412 | 839 | 17.669355 | 49 |
efficiency change | 1086 | 2714 | 17.669184 | 40 |
labour demand | 601 | 1369 | 17.667319 | 44 |
productivity index | 1615 | 4109 | 17.665712 | 39 |
ardl approach | 472 | 1008 | 17.665154 | 47 |
human capital inequality | 151 | 180 | 17.663721 | 84 |
rural tourist | 180 | 243 | 17.663379 | 74 |
economic development and growth | 252 | 416 | 17.662099 | 61 |
green jobs | 279 | 485 | 17.661987 | 58 |
tourism enterprises | 448 | 943 | 17.661881 | 48 |
agro-tourism | 170 | 221 | 17.661824 | 77 |
labour market needs | 141 | 160 | 17.659465 | 88 |
the industrial structure | 953 | 2364 | 17.659381 | 40 |
compensating wage | 188 | 262 | 17.658804 | 72 |
economic and social sustainability | 265 | 450 | 17.658735 | 59 |
tourism destination | 2942 | 7246 | 17.658248 | 41 |
economic developments | 1105 | 2783 | 17.658075 | 40 |
labour market effects | 161 | 202 | 17.657867 | 80 |
pollution haven | 385 | 771 | 17.657085 | 50 |
ecological footprint | 1898 | 4838 | 17.656629 | 39 |
local labor | 1011 | 2528 | 17.656597 | 40 |
wage increases | 475 | 1022 | 17.656360 | 46 |
german labor market | 159 | 198 | 17.655783 | 80 |
rural banks | 178 | 240 | 17.654585 | 74 |
labour regulations | 148 | 175 | 17.654082 | 85 |
labor market frictions | 227 | 356 | 17.653499 | 64 |
labor market | 28170 | 37380 | 17.652133 | 75 |
labor market segmentation | 187 | 261 | 17.651745 | 72 |
migrant smuggling | 140 | 159 | 17.650698 | 88 |
returns to human capital | 160 | 201 | 17.649874 | 80 |
tourism infrastructure | 362 | 712 | 17.648381 | 51 |
wage determination | 383 | 770 | 17.647966 | 50 |
shared socio-economic pathway | 205 | 304 | 17.647726 | 67 |
informal labour | 202 | 297 | 17.647049 | 68 |
solow growth model | 176 | 237 | 17.645661 | 74 |
sustainable development model | 250 | 416 | 17.644130 | 60 |
labor market flexibility | 166 | 215 | 17.643780 | 77 |
uk labour market | 154 | 189 | 17.643653 | 81 |
work transitions | 333 | 635 | 17.643626 | 52 |
climate and energy policies | 128 | 136 | 17.643206 | 94 |
tourism worker | 130 | 140 | 17.642237 | 93 |
yangtze river economic belt | 396 | 810 | 17.640235 | 49 |
sustainable development system | 369 | 736 | 17.638273 | 50 |
environmental sustainable development | 138 | 157 | 17.632901 | 88 |
wage disparities | 157 | 197 | 17.632492 | 80 |
credit program | 486 | 1070 | 17.630621 | 45 |
online labor market | 190 | 272 | 17.630253 | 70 |
development agenda | 1439 | 3733 | 17.628645 | 39 |
green job | 295 | 540 | 17.624252 | 55 |
rural development policies | 252 | 427 | 17.623546 | 59 |
environmental/economic dispatch | 130 | 142 | 17.623054 | 92 |
formal sector | 2653 | 6729 | 17.623014 | 39 |
tourism policies | 308 | 576 | 17.621601 | 53 |
informal entrepreneurs | 185 | 262 | 17.621125 | 71 |
panel causality test | 247 | 415 | 17.620451 | 60 |
employment policies | 531 | 1208 | 17.618291 | 44 |
market transition | 431 | 921 | 17.617873 | 47 |
water productivity | 2118 | 5484 | 17.617731 | 39 |
china’s economic growth | 186 | 265 | 17.617586 | 70 |
sustainable development issues | 240 | 398 | 17.617006 | 60 |
migrant sex work | 138 | 159 | 17.615639 | 87 |
compensating wage differential | 172 | 233 | 17.615296 | 74 |
stages of economic development | 275 | 490 | 17.614519 | 56 |
unemployment benefits | 679 | 1640 | 17.614513 | 41 |
financial literacy education | 135 | 153 | 17.614382 | 88 |
school to work transition | 132 | 147 | 17.613680 | 90 |
labor market characteristics | 171 | 231 | 17.613613 | 74 |
average wage | 587 | 1374 | 17.613494 | 43 |
youth labour market | 158 | 202 | 17.612887 | 78 |
relational capital | 599 | 1411 | 17.610977 | 42 |
safety and health management | 237 | 392 | 17.610798 | 60 |
lmdi | 620 | 1473 | 17.609920 | 42 |
productive employment | 211 | 327 | 17.609195 | 65 |
informal entrepreneur | 202 | 305 | 17.608894 | 66 |
gdp growth rate | 693 | 1687 | 17.608127 | 41 |
coupling coordination | 588 | 1382 | 17.607445 | 43 |
and foreign direct investment | 1038 | 2679 | 17.605871 | 39 |
us tourism | 699 | 1707 | 17.605614 | 41 |
global labor market | 146 | 177 | 17.605561 | 82 |
national sustainable development | 246 | 417 | 17.604220 | 59 |
human capitals | 130 | 144 | 17.604140 | 90 |
microfinance organization | 130 | 144 | 17.604140 | 90 |
labor market program | 144 | 173 | 17.603586 | 83 |
support for tourism | 206 | 316 | 17.603270 | 65 |
employment rates | 2575 | 6618 | 17.603247 | 39 |
human capital index | 143 | 171 | 17.602652 | 84 |
international labour standards | 150 | 186 | 17.602458 | 81 |
gender earnings gap | 164 | 217 | 17.602008 | 76 |
regional income inequality | 148 | 182 | 17.600082 | 81 |
labour force | 4110 | 9934 | 17.599801 | 41 |
socio-economic scenario | 235 | 390 | 17.599080 | 60 |
stirpat model | 337 | 665 | 17.598879 | 51 |
the yangtze river economic belt | 358 | 724 | 17.598654 | 49 |
indicators of sustainable development | 222 | 357 | 17.598541 | 62 |
divisia index | 580 | 1367 | 17.597492 | 42 |
firm-specific human capital | 156 | 200 | 17.596222 | 78 |
exploitation of women | 183 | 262 | 17.595665 | 70 |
tourism attraction | 437 | 953 | 17.592978 | 46 |
public employment | 535 | 1241 | 17.590066 | 43 |
ecotourism destinations | 136 | 158 | 17.588655 | 86 |
financial inclusion index | 136 | 158 | 17.588655 | 86 |
gdp growth | 3080 | 7819 | 17.588557 | 39 |
real wage | 1252 | 3307 | 17.587963 | 38 |
green economic development | 143 | 173 | 17.586718 | 83 |
tourism workers | 124 | 134 | 17.584817 | 93 |
international labour standard | 152 | 193 | 17.583288 | 79 |
long-run relationship | 1459 | 3883 | 17.582815 | 38 |
environmental and economic performance | 418 | 904 | 17.582697 | 46 |
employment benefits | 775 | 1954 | 17.582618 | 40 |
economic sustainable development | 245 | 421 | 17.580985 | 58 |
economic belt | 623 | 1508 | 17.580956 | 41 |
undesirable output | 710 | 1765 | 17.580781 | 40 |
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